Category: OIL & GAS

API 510, CORROSION, OIL & GAS, PIPING1 Comment

Typical location of Corrosion on Heat Exchanger

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There are 4 main reasons that cause corrosion in heat exchangers to need to be concerned during the inspection: Water impingement, Temperature, Vibration, Velocity. Refer to: Corrosion in Heat Exchanger Likely Location of Corrosion – Heat Exchanger Tubes at Baffle;  Heat Exchanger Tubes in the Baffle Plates area are highly prone to corrosion. Due to the possibility of vibration of the Tubes causing friction with the Baffle (Vibration fretting) or Erosion from Fluid flow in Heat Exchanger For smaller tubes, The corrosion of the Tubes on the Baffle can be checked using a hammer. If the Tubes in the Baffle area is thin … Continue reading Typical location of Corrosion on Heat Exchanger

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What is Vortex Breaker

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Vortex in Vessels;  Vortex, or vortex in Vessels, is the rotation of a liquid’s core while releasing or transferring liquid from Vessels. This appears to be caused by the Earth’s rotation. Vortex can be easily observed. In everyday life, such as flushing the toilet Releasing water from the sink or bathtub Vortex in Vessels will take gas or vapor into the liquid stream that is transferred out. This will make the refining process less efficient, the system has more pressure drop, causing Erosion from the two-phase flow at the nozzle or pipe connecting to the vessel and causing cavitation at … Continue reading What is Vortex Breaker

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What is Static Head of vessel

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What is “Static Head” in ASME Section VIII Vessels?  In designing the Pressure Vessels according to the ASME Section VIII Division 1, aside from not only considering the design pressure that will occur within the Pressure Vessel, but we also need to consider the weight of the Liquid within the  Vessel acting on it. The pressure caused by the weight of Liquid in Vessel is the “Static Head” which is based on the density of the liquid (Liquid Density called the p) and will have greater value as the height of the liquid from the bottom of the tank or Bottom of … Continue reading What is Static Head of vessel

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What is Soil Corrosion

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Soil to Air Interface – Zone of Corrosion on API 570 Piping; The area where the pipelines fall underground, or soil-to-air interface, is the area that has a high chance of external corrosion if Wrapping or Coating is damaged. Due to the difference in temperature, humidity and oxygen in the area, the API 570 stipulates that 6 inches above and 12 inches below the soil surface is the Soil-to-air Interface zone that should be Reviewed. Inspection of Soil-to-air Interface for Underground Piping;  For example, to monitor underground pipes ( Underground, Piping) in a pipe underground or Soil-to-air Interface by digging tube down … Continue reading What is Soil Corrosion

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Steam trap design in piping system

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Why does a Steam Heat Exchanger or any Steam Heater have a Steam Trap: 1st reason: On Outlet line, Steam-out of the Heat Exchanger may also heat or condensated at Steam outlet, therefore, a Steam Trap at Outlet line of Heat Exchanger for trap the Steam to condense into water  before forwarding it to condensate main line (Saving Steam). 2nd reason: The Steam on the Heat Exchanger may be Water Condensate contaminated, so they have to set Steam Trap with Steam Inlet line to prevent damage from Two-phase flow steam erosion occurred in Heat Exchanger. (Corrosion/Errosion Protection) Example of Steam … Continue reading Steam trap design in piping system

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Vessel rubber lining inspection

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Vessel and Tank Inspection – Rubber Lining Inspection;  Within the Piping, Vessel or Tank, some will be done with Lining or Coating to Prevent Corrosion and Erosion. During inspection (in-service), damages that will occur to the Lining, such as separation, breakage, swelling. If we find that Lining damage. We have to dismantle the lining to check for damage to the metal surface of the Vessel beneath the lining (in the picture is an example of the Rubber Lining inside the tank that is very cracked and swollen, and the Corrosion that occurs on the metal surface of the tank under the Rubber Lining) Continue reading Vessel rubber lining inspection

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Test Pressure vs MAWP (ASME VIII)

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Hydrostatic Test Pressure vs MAWP of Section VIII Vessels;  An example of Hydrostatic Test Pressure compared to the MAWP of Pressure Vessel ( in the form of Shell & Tube Heat Exchanger) designed according to ASME Section VIII Div.1. What is Hydrostatic Test Pressure for Section VIII Vessels; The Hydrostatic Test of Pressure Vessel according to the ASME Section VIII Div.1 must be done at a pressure not less than 1.3 times of the Maximum Allowable Working Pressure (MAWP) of the Vessel multiplied by the Stress Ratio to compensate for the strength of the material. In case of use at high temperatures ( when Hydrotest is made at Ambient Temp.) , The Stress Ratio is the ratio of the Allowable Stress of the material to … Continue reading Test Pressure vs MAWP (ASME VIII)

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What is PRV valve Trevitest ?

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PRV Testing – Trevitest (Principle);  Trevitest Test Set Pressure of the Pressure Relief Valve (PRV) with On-Line while PRV are In-Service without adding (Build up) the pressure in the whole system approaching the Set Pressure. The Trevitest test kit uses the Hydraulic Lift Assist Device to help push the spindle of the PRV to overcome the spring force without increasing the pressure in the system and calculate the set pressure of the PRV using the pressure in the system. PRV Testing – Trevitest (Tools Setup); Examples of tools and installation of Trevitest test  kits installed on the Pressure Relief Valve at the site:   PRV Testing – Trevitest (Result Interpretation);  Interpretation of Trevitest  test results is done by using the software that comes with … Continue reading What is PRV valve Trevitest ?