Category: OIL & GAS

OIL & GASLeave a comment

Stainless steel welding notes

Amarine Antonio

Most types of stainless steels have good weldability and can be welded with all arc welding processes (GMAW, FCAW, GTAW, SMAW and SAW).  Stainless is used in many different applications for its strength, abrasion resistance and corrosion  resistance.  Unfortunately, many assume it can be welded just like carbon steel. In fact, this is the first and worst mistake that can be made: assuming it will weld (and behave) like carbon steel. This post will not attempt to provide a crash course in welding stainless steels.  Instead, we want to focus on 5 of the most common mistakes made when welding … Continue reading Stainless steel welding notes

API 570 - PI, API Inspector, OIL & GAS, PIPING, SHIP SYSTEMS1 Comment

Hydrostatic test with Flange Joints (considering of Flange MAWP)

Amarine Antonio

As a common hydrostatic test procedure, the test pressure will be taken from the piping system MAWP.  Depending on the primary code applied, the test pressure can be 1.5 MAWP, or 1.3 MAWP + factors, or 1.15 MAWP… etc., Refer to What is MAWP, What is Max operation pressure, Hydrostatic test: What is the MAWP of the pressure vessel (ASME VIII) FITTING PRESSURE RATING PIPE PRESSURE RATING PIPING HYDRO-STATIC TEST COMPREHENSION Test Pressure vs MAWP (ASME VIII) Design Pressure Vs MAWP (API, ASME) MAWP is normally referred to as system maximum allowance working pressure. The fitting is small and is … Continue reading Hydrostatic test with Flange Joints (considering of Flange MAWP)

API 570 - PI, API Inspector, OIL & GAS, PIPING2 Comments

Guide to flange raised face repaired by machining.

Amarine Antonio

Take a look at the requirements of the height of raised face as per ASME B16.5: ASME B16.5 Flange – Regular Raised Face Height Typically, the height of Raised Face of ASME B16.5 Flange is divided by Flange Class by: 1- Flange Class 150 and 300 which have the Raised Face Height around 2mm. 2- Flange Class 400 and above have Raised Face Height around 7mm. When damage occurs on Flange’s Raised Face, the method to repair without welding works as per ASME PCC-2 can be done by machine, removing the damaged parts and refinishing the Raised Face again. Then do MT … Continue reading Guide to flange raised face repaired by machining.

API 510, API 570 - PI, API Inspector, OIL & GAS, PIPING, SHIP SYSTEMSLeave a comment

Orifice Installation Matter in the piping system

Amarine Antonio

Regarding What is Orifice and its application, please refer to FLOW METER AND ORIFICE PLATE Introduction of Erosion on Piping downstream around Orifice installation area: Typical erosion in piping systems often occurs on the flow with the exclusion of turbulence, for example. Where the flow direction changes (elbow, tee) or downstream of the orifice in the pipe system. In addition, Flow is a two-phase (with solid or liquid particles) and has a higher speed of erosion. In the Orifice installation area, the Flow Orifice (FO) is used to block the flow and reduce the pressure of Steam down to allow it to become condensate, but since Steam has passed from Orifice that cannot be fully condensed in this area, the turbulence of Flow will exist.     Continue reading Orifice Installation Matter in the piping system

API 510, OIL & GAS1 Comment

ASME VIII MDMT and Impact test exemption

Amarine Antonio

ASME Code Section VIII Div 1 exemption rules for ASME Impact Test Requirements: There are specific rules in the ASME Code for exemption from ASME Impact Test Requirement. This test is very expensive, so pressure vessel manufacturers are trying to be exempted from this costly test. You need to follow the following clauses to make exemption assessment for ASME impact test requirement: UG-20(f) →→ UCS-66(A) →→ UCS-66(b) →→→UCS-68(c) First, you have to keep your pressure vessel design data available and then refer to UG-20 (f). If you are exempted from this clause, you do not need to proceed further. But … Continue reading ASME VIII MDMT and Impact test exemption

API 510, CORROSION, OIL & GAS, PIPING1 Comment

Corrosion in Heat Exchanger

Amarine Antonio

There are 4 main reasons that cause corrosion in heat exchangers to need to be concerned during the inspection: Water impingement, Temperature, Vibration, Velocity. Refer to: Typical location of Corrosion on Heat Exchanger Cooling Water Corrosion in Heat Exchanger Tubes at High Water Temperature Zone; Another important factor affecting Corrosion in Heat Exchanger Tube Service at Cooling Water is the temperature. The area where the Cooling Water has a high temperature ( on the Outlet side ), there will be more fouling and corrosion than the low-temperature area. In the example, you can see from the corrosion that occurred in front of … Continue reading Corrosion in Heat Exchanger

API 570 - PI, API Inspector, OIL & GAS, WELDINGLeave a comment

What is Mock-up test for In-service Welding

Amarine Antonio

Following the concerns of welding defects for in-service maintenance hot works, the Mock-up test should be performed to increase the confidence level of works. See this: In-service and maintenance welding defects Mock-Up Testing ;  This comes at a Mock-up Testing for In-service welding or welding On-stream … For onstream welding, while there is fluid flowing inside the pipe or equipment The most important is the safety that is not going to burn through the weld and weld it must not happen Hydrogen cracking (HIC) according to the method used to prove that the simulated welding or the Mock-up test.  In conducting a mock-up test, the workpiece must look like or represent the actual work in the matter including:  (1) Type ( Material Spec.), and the thickness of … Continue reading What is Mock-up test for In-service Welding

API 570 - PI, API 650 653, OIL & GAS, PRV PSVLeave a comment

What is Valve Trim

Amarine Antonio

Valve Trim;  Valve Trim is a name for Valve ‘s Internal Parts that come into contact with Process Fluid and be Worn. The deterioration caused by the use of Valve Trim can be replaced (Replaceable), including Seat, Disc, Stem, Bushing, and others. The parts of Valve that are considered Valve Trim will depend on the type of Valves in the table. Meanwhile, the Body, Yoke, and Bonnet are not considered. Valve Trims Standard: (API 600)   Continue reading What is Valve Trim

API 650 653, OIL & GASLeave a comment

API 650 / 653 – Tank Critical Zone

Amarine Antonio

API 650 Storage Tank – Critical Zone in the Bottom;  API 653 Storage Tank Inspection, Repair, Alteration, and Reconstruction Code requires the tank bottom to be within 3 inches from the tank shell to be a critical zone because the area must support the weight of the tank shell that is placed near the welding line. Shell-to-Bottom makes Tank-Bottom in this area highly stressed. Critical Zone will have special requirements for inspections, repairs or reconstruction. Continue reading API 650 / 653 – Tank Critical Zone