Steam Erosion at Flange / Gasket Face (Case Study 1); Erosion (Erosion-Corrosion) by Steam area Flange / Gasket Face of Tubesheet of Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger, so remember to check the area. Flange / Gasket Face thread. Steam Erosion at Flange / Gasket Face (Case Study 2); Another Case study of the Steam Erosion at Flange face (Gasket face) of Top Outlet Nozzle of Steam Tower. Continue reading Steam erosion on Flanges (Samples)
CUI Locations Guideline in Vertical Vessel; The potential area for Corrosion Under Insulation (CUI) is the area where water can be trapped in the insulation or fireproofing. For the vertical vessel, there is a risk point as in the picture. Critical Factors a) It affects externally insulated piping and equipment and those that are in intermittent service or operate between: 1) 10°F (–12°C) and 350°F (175°C) for carbon and low alloy steels, 2) 140ºF (60°C) and 400ºF (205°C) for austenitic stainless steels and duplex stainless steels b) Corrosion rates increase with increasing metal temperature up to the point where the water … Continue reading What is CUI – Corrosion under insulation on Cooling tower
Globe Valve Component; Globe Valve is used to control the flow rate. By turning the flow direction of the fluid perpendicular to the fluctuations of the Disc and Stem by Globe valve components as follows: Globe Valve Working; Globe valve controls the flow rate by turning the fluid direction upright and perpendicularly, allowing for easy opening and closing. Therefore, it can be used for systems with very high-pressure differences, but due to the change in the flow direction, the pressure drop across the Globe valve is increased accordingly. Continue reading Globe Valve components and working
Erosion by Steam and Condensate; Erosion or erosion by Steam and Steam Condensate is caused by Steam / Condensate In our system, a two-phase state occurs: Steam vapor is mixed with condensate water. The reason why the two-phase is caused by: The steam loses heat and energy from running through pipes causing condense to be liquid condensate. Using Steam to heat exchangers in Heat exchanger devices causes liquid condensate to occur. Condensate water in the system is able to evaporate ( flash ) to steam vapor when the pressure in the pipe changes from high to low pressure, such as at the Steam Trap outlet. Continue to … Continue reading Piping erosion by Steam
Barlow’s Formula; Barlow’s Formula is the relationship between Internal Pressure and working pipelines. Depending on the size and strength of the material, Barlow’s Formula is the basic formula used to calculate the thickness of the straight pipe and Cylindrical pressure vessel shell in ASME Code. What is “S” Allowable stress: See SMTS and Allowable Stress Continue reading Barlow formula – Pipe thickness calculation
Specified Minimum Tensile Strength (SMTS) The ASME Code, Specified Minimum Tensile Strength or SMTS mean stress (Stress), the lowest that can make a material damaged or torn apart by tension ( The Tension), which is made from tensile tests ( Tensile Test,. ), also known as Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS). How to test and verified the SMTS of weldment: Tension Test Acceptance Criteria for Welding Procedure Qualification Allowable Stress “S”; For ASME Code, pressure vessel or pipe design, the code uses the Tensile stress of each material specified in the calculation. Stress that the code specifies or allows is called Allowable Stress “S”, which … Continue reading SMTS and Allowable Stress
1- Purpose of using Gate Valve on stream Gate Valve is used to open and close the flow only. Not commonly used in flow control with the following components. 2- Operation (open-closed) of Gate Valve 3- The Hydrostatic Test for Gate Valve requires 3 parts, Shell, Seat, and Backseat The hydro-testing according to API 598. The valve standard is ASME B16.34 ***Gate Valve – Hydrotest Backseat; The Hydrostatic Backseat Test must be tested at a pressure of not less than 1.1 times the Maximum Operating Pressure by fully opening the valve and releasing the gland of the gate valve to check for leaks through the Backseat. ***Gate Valve – Hydrotest Shell; Hydrostatic Shell Test must be tested at a pressure … Continue reading Gate valve testing and maintenance
Case I: Erosion in Pipeline Branch of line Medium pressure (MP) steam is separated to Steam trap occurs near Elbow ( the Elbow) at the point of impact of the Flow by Steam flow in Line that runs Steam trap that resembles a Two-phase. Case II: Erosion at the opposite tee fitting of the Low-pressure (LP) steam condensate pipe is caused by the two-phase flow (Flash steam + Liquid condensate) from the pipes that condensate from the steam trap that is combined. Case III: When Liquid Condensate runs through the Control valve, some are turning to Flash steam becomes Two-phase flow and flow turbulence ( Turbulent) resulted from Erosion , especially at the point of impact on the joints of the various (Elbow, Tee). Continue reading Erosion in Refinery, Petrochemical Plant
On the drawing Pdesign: 16kg/cm2 and MAWP: 26 kg/cm2 User defines Pd: as above. t calculated: 4mm T selected: 12mm and second trial for formula founded P: 26 kg/cm2. Then designer says it is MAWP and equals to 26, which … Continue reading Design Pressure Vs MAWP (API, ASME)
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